Fundamental of IT

Fundamental of IT
What is the computer?
Computer is an electronic device, machine or Information technology.

People can understand as follows.
1) Computer is a physical setup/device.
2) Computers - the universal problem-solving machine.
3) Computer is included monitor, CPU- (Central Processing Unit), keyboard and mouse etc.
4) In a very broad sense computer are a kind of automatic electronic device with an ability to solve various problems. Automatic, because it can carry out operations on its own. That too, repetitively.

But how does it do so?
To solve a problem a computer needs to first know where the problem lies. This is done by a process called "input". Once this "input" process is complete the "input" message or problem is sent to the brains of the computer to be worked out. When they worked out process is over the result is told back to us through a process called "output". In this sense you can also say a computer is a device that calculates a result "output" from one or more initial items of information "input".

​However, it sounds too simple to mean a machine that does so many complicated things. In fact, this is an outline of the machine called a computer. There are plenty of other small and big stages that play the real trick in between.
 
Well, why alone this '0's and '1's?
This is because computers are electrically operated. And the basic instruction that any electrical device can act upon, is 'switch on', and, 'switch off'. When switch is on current flows and the device comes to life. When the switch is off, current stops flowing, and the machine turns dead.
 
Similarly, a computer is also supposed to understand and work on the same principle. And this is what the inventors of the computers also thought of. In fact, the values of '0' and '1' are realized in the machine by the presence or absence of electric current. Translated In terms of mathematical logic they can be said to represent false or true, respectively. So, based on this principle the entire digital logic of the computer is designed. And computers can record electric impulses coded in the very simple binary system.

Who is the father of computer?
Charles Babbage.

Some of the Computer and Network related devices are below in the picture:

I have given below about brief description of the devices on the above picture.

1. Monitor: - This device is used to displaying the information/data in the screen and it’s one of the important device among the computer devices.
2. CPU: - This device is used to processing the data and the device is central of the input and output devices.
3. Keyboard: - This device is used to inputting the data like characters.
4. Mouse: - This device is used to inputting the data.
5. Speaker: - This device is used to outputting the information or sounds.
6. CD ROM: - This device is specially used to reading CDs.
7. Printer: - This device is used to getting information out as a hard of soft copy.
8. Scanner: - This device is used to inputting data like pictures to the computer.
9. Floppy Disk: - This device is used to storing soft copy of the data.
10. Pen/Flash Drive: - This device is used to storing the data.
11. Blue-Tray Disc: - This device is used to storing the data.
12. Wi-Fi Router: - This device is used to connecting internet to the computers over the wireless.
13. Wi-Fi Extender: - This device is used to extending the Wi-Fi signal range among the houses.